LAGENARIA SICERARIA: PHYTOCHEMICAL COMPOSITION AND INSECTICIDAL POTENTIAL AGAINST SPODOPTERA FRUGIPERDA

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

1 Cotton Pesticides Evaluation Research Department, Plant Protection Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Giza, Egypt.

2 Cotton and Crop Mites Research Department, Plant Protection Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center 12619 Dokki, Giza, Egypt.

3 Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Al-Azhar University, Cairo

Abstract

Fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), is a polyphagous pest infest some crops worldwide, especially maize cultivation in Egypt. Plant extracts are potent alternatives to chemical insecticides to control S. frugiperda. Bioassay-guided isolation of sterols from petroleum ether fraction of Lagenaria siceraria leaves against third instar larvae of S. frugiperda, it resulted in isolation of three pure sterol compounds; Fucosterol, Stigmasterol and Stigmasta-7,22-dien-3β,4β-diolusing chromatographic techniques. The structure characterization of isolated sterols was determined using 1H-NMR and MS spectrum. The toxicity of petroleum ether extract of L. siceraria and chemical insecticide (emamectin benzoate) was estimated on S. frugiperda larvae under laboratory conditions. Emamectin benzoate was found to be the most potent agent with LC50 value 0.018 g/L, while the value of LC50 of L. siceraria extract is 6.17 g/L. The biochemical parameters of four enzymes were estimated after the application of the LC50 value of tested treatments. The obtained results revealed that Lagenaria siceraria extract caused a reduction in digestive enzymes activity, while emamectin benzoate caused disturbance in detoxifying enzymes as AchE and GST activities. It could be concluded that; the integrated pest management program for S. frugiperda should include rotational application of plant-based and chemical agents to minimize the hazard risks on crops, human health and environment for controlling development of insect resistance.

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