STUDIES ON CROWN ROT OF STRAWBERRY IN EGYPT

Awad, M. A.; Shanawany, M. Z. El-

doi:10.21608/mjapam.2018.123992

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	STUDIES ON CROWN ROT OF STRAWBERRY IN EGYPT
Article 5, Volume 3, Issue 5, November and December 2018, Page 207-208 PDF (129.83 K)
Document Type: Original Article
DOI: 10.21608/mjapam.2018.123992
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Authors
M. A. Awad; M. Z. El- Shanawany
Prof. of Plant Pathology, Fac. of Agric., Menoufia Univ.
Abstract
Strawberry (Fragaria x ananassa Duch.) is one of the most important members of the family Rosaceae. It became one of the most economic vegetable crops in Egypt and considered the main cash crop for strawberry growers in many Egyptian governorates. Maney diseases attacks strawberry plants in fields causing various diseases. Isolation and identification of fungal pathogens were purified and identified as: Colletotrichum acutatum, Alternaria tenius and others. C. acutatum and A. tenius were the most frequent fungi that isolated from samples of strawberry plant materials which collected from the different locations in both seasons 2013/ 2014 and 2014/ 2015. Susceptible strawberry cultivar FLORIDA was highly susceptible one and infection reached to 100% infection by Colletotrichum acutatum isolate No. 2. Also, Alternaria tenius was pathogenic to Florida cultivar, but came in the second rank in pathogenicity tests. The most effective bioagent was T. viride. The fungus C. acutatum and A. tenius were affected by treated organic acids with various concentrations. Ascorbic acid at 200 ppm concentration is the best effective concentration in controlling both pathogens in vitro .. Gall extract affected greatly the growth of. both pathogens in all daily records from 1-6 days, followed by both plant extracts Mustard and Clove. Two fungicides (recommended for up ground diseases of strawberry plants); i.e. Bellis 38% WG (with three doses; 0.4 g/L., 0.8 g/L. and 1.6 g/L.) and Amistar 25% SC (with three doses; 2.5 ml/l., 5 ml/l. and 10 ml/l.) were used in this experiments. . Complete inhibition of fungal growth was noticed in both high concentration of the tested fungicides, and little growth was happened in the low concentration of Bellis and Amistar. A. tenius revealed as less tolerant to fungicides than C. acutatum. All treatments that tested against both tested pathogens in vitro under laboratory conditions were applied in vivo under field conditions on strawberry plants (Florida variety) to investigate their effects on plants under natural infection in field. All growth characteristics of different parts of strawberry cv. Florida like leaves number, lateral branches, flower number, green fruits, colored fruits, TSS% and fruits weight were affected as a result of infection with pathogens and treated with different chemical, biological and agricultural treatments, there were great variations among all applied treatments in this respect, the best treatments were fungicides, followed by gall extract and un-mulched control treatment comparing with other treatment and control treatment (un-treated). With regard to disease symptoms on Florida strawberry, all disease symptoms were calculated on plant leaves, flower parts, fruits and vegetative in addition to fruit characteristics. Black spot, irregular spot, black margin, petiole lesions and dead leaf were calculated during the period ranged between 3-15 days at 15^th - 30^th March, 2015. Both chemical fungicides (Bellis 38% WG and Amistar 25% SC) were controlled completely the leaf infection symptoms, followed by Galls 10%. Treating plants with Kocide 2000, Ascorbic acid 5% and T viride protected plants with various degrees of infection.


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